Scarrow, Susan E Beyond party members : changing approaches to partisan mobilization / Susan E. Scarrow. -- 1st ed. -- Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2015. -- (Comparative politics). -- Scope and content: "Beyond Party Members investigates two questions connected with these changes. First, when and why did party memberships start falling, and what does this reveal about who benefits in party-membership relationships? Second, why have numerical declines in overall party membership coincided with expanding political rights for individual party members? To shed light on both puzzles, the author examines the origins of membership-based organization in nineteen countries, and considers contemporary parties' efforts to adapt this model to new circumstances. Her study shows why both supply-side and demand-side forces are leading parties to offer party members more, and more meaningful, opportunities to participate in party decisions. They also lead parties to offer new and lower-cost modes of affiliation. These changes are producing Multi-speed Membership Parties, ones that offer supporters multiple ways to connect with a party. Beyond Party Members examines the consequences of these ongoing transformations for political parties, and for the democracies in which they compete."--Cover. -- ISBN : 978-0-19-966186-2 váz. *2Comparative politics0 politická strana * politická příslušnost